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文法 短縮[縮約]形リスト | List of Contractions

文法 ~の短縮[縮約]形 一覧

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Click here for a quiz.
英語の短縮形クイズへ

 

BEの
短縮形

WILLの
短縮形

WOULDの
短縮形

HAVEの
短縮形

HADの
短縮形

I
I’m
I am
I’ll
I will
I’d
I would
I’ve
I have
I’d
I had
you
あなた
you’re
you are
you’ll
you will
you’d
you would
you’ve
you have
you’d
you had
he
he’s
he is
he’ll
he will
he’d
he would
he’s
he has
he’d
he had
she
彼女
she’s
she is
she’ll
she will
she’d
she would
she’s
she has
she’d
she had
it
これ
it’s (or ’tis)
it is
it’ll
it will
it’d
it would
it’s
it has
it’d
it had
we
私たち
we’re
we are
we’ll
we will
we’d
we would
we’ve
we have
we’d
we had
they
彼ら
they’re
they are
they’ll
they will
they’d
they would
they’ve
they have
they’d
they had
that
あの
that’s
that is
that’ll
that will
that’d
that would
that’s
that has
that’d
that had
who
who’s
who is
who’ll
who will
who’d
who would
who’s
who has
who’d
who had
what
what’s/what’re
what is/what are
what’ll
what will
what’d
what would
what’s
what has
what’d
what had
where
どこ
where’s
where is
where’ll
where will
where’d
where would
where’s
where has
where’d
where had
when
いつ
when’s
when is
when’ll
when will
when’d
when would
when’s
when has
when’d
when had
why
なぜ
why’s
why is
why’ll
why will
why’d
why would
why’s
why has
why’d
why had
how
どう
how’s
how is
how’ll
how will
how’d
how would
how’s
how has
how’d
how had

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ダブル短縮 | DOUBLE CONTRACTIONS

ダブル短縮をもっと見る

she’d’ve (colloquial)日常会話の中で使う

she would have
If I paid, she would have gone to the party.
私が払ったら、彼女はパーティーに行っただろう。

’tisn’t (archaic)
この形はもう使わない

it is not
~じゃない

トリプル短縮 | TRIPLE CONTRACTIONS

I’d’ven’t (colloquial)
I would have not

‘twouldn’t’ve (colloquial)
it would not have

it’dn’t’ve
it would not have

y’all’d’ve
you all would have

you’dn’t’ve
you would not have

WORDS
(negating a verb)

CONTRACTION
短縮

is notisn’t
are notaren’t
was notwasn’t
were notweren’t
have nothaven’t
has nothasn’t
had nothadn’t
will notwon’t
would notwouldn’t
do notdon’t
does notdoesn’t
did notdidn’t
cannotcan’t
could notcouldn’t
should notshouldn’t
might notmightn’t
must notmustn’t

Can’t is a contraction of cannot, and as such it’s sometimes unsuitable for formal writing. In everyday writing and in speaking, it’s ubiquitous:

I can’t go out until I proofread my essay.
私は自分のエッセイを校正するまで出かけることができません。

Mike can’t believe what’s happening in front of his eyes.

Cannot is better in formal writing:

I cannot wait until Saturday to see the movie.

We cannot allow these people to get in the way.

Don’t use can not when you mean cannot. The only time you’re likely to see can not written as separate words is when the word “can” happens to precede some other phrase that happens to start with “not”:

We can not only break even, but also turn a profit.

The company’s new product can not only reduce emissions, but also trap some of the existing greenhouse gasses.

Here is a quick summary:

  • Can’t is a contraction of cannot, and it is best suited for informal writing.
  • In formal writing and places where contractions are frowned upon, use cannot.
  • It is possible to write can not, but you generally find it only as part of some other construction, such as “not only . . . but also.”

Examples

The 30-year-old now says she’s recovering, but there are still days when she can’t drag herself out of bed for her part-time job at a university. Bloomberg

Jose Mourinho has warned Anthony Martial he cannot keep wasting opportunities given the intense competition in his position after the struggling Manchester United forward was dropped from the squad against Feyenoord. The Daily Telegraph

Even commit to change publicly to encourage accountability. In this way, apologizing can not only repair a relationship, but it can also become a powerful catalyst for your own personal growth. Harvard Business Review

Cannot and its related forms aren’t the only words in the English language that give you a choice of spelling. Axe is another one of them, as are minuscule and flyer.

WORDS (woulda, shoulda, coulda)

WORDS
(woulda, shoulda, coulda)

CONTRACTION
短縮

would havewould’ve
should haveshould’ve
could havecould’ve
might havemight’ve
must havemust’ve

文法 「文法&語法について」のトップページへ

Words (odd ones) + Contractions

o’
of

o’clock
of the clock

ma’am
madam

ne’er-do-well
never-do-well

cat-o’-nine-tails
cat-of-nine-tails

jack-o’-lantern
ジャック・オー・ランタン

jack-of-the-lantern
ランタンのジャックさん

will-o’-the-wisp
will-of-the-wisp

Will-o’-the-wisp are strange glowing lights seen in the wetlands, swamps, and sometimes ponds, said to lead travelers to their doom.

’twas (archaic) = it was
主な意味:it was の短縮形

“‘Twas he cut off my arm.”
Chapter 5: The Island Come True, Peter Pan, James Matthew Barrie
例文「わしの腕を切り落としやがった。」 『ピーターパンとウェンディ』


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翻訳:彼の授業は、生徒にとってとても楽しく、教え方も非常に上手でした。

松井 美穂 准教授
札幌市立大学

※札幌市立大学は以前、「札幌市立高等専門学校(デザイン学部、看護学部)」でした。


His way of teaching was very impressive and enjoyable to the students.


Miho Matsui
(PhD: American Literature)

Associate Professor, Sapporo City University

(Previously named Sapporo School of the Arts, Design and Nursing School)